Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Gender Roles In Old Testament Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Gender Roles In Old Testament - Research Paper Example Men and women both are considered saints when they die according to the Testament; there are different aspects of being a saint such as being a martyr, a military leader or a monarch etc. which symbolized the different roles that were played by them in their life as Christians. Jesus is believed to have told his followers in the Testament that God is like their Father and should be addressed so. Catholics and Orthodox Christians also believe that there is a special place for Mary, who was the Mother of Jesus and this shows that they give virtue to the maternal value in Christianity. Protestants, however, don’t believe in the devotion towards Mary, called Marian devotion. (Pierce, Groothuis, & Fee, 2004) The Old Testament describes the journey of Christianity and its beliefs. Christianity came from patriarchal societies which place men in a higher position of command in a marriage bond, in society, government and many other aspects. Christ was inclusive of women, however, apostles were the only male. Marian devotion rose in the Middle Ages and so did chivalry. Women became part of church life later by developing the concept of a convent where women played a role by being religious nuns and sisters. (Barton, 2007) Gender roles have also been debated over the years among people of different beliefs and their different theories, however, there are some views that are widely accepted in our culture and in our practical lives as well. The way of life is shown in the Old Testament; it is a revelation with roles defined for men and women that people often confuse for their own purposes today. It covers what their roles have been since they were created. And it further helps us to overcome barriers, races, cultures etc. and to understand the broader sentiment of the subject.Â
Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5
Reflection paper - Essay Example I was told that this was the group to join as a college freshman from the UAE because the members were mostly sophomore and upper classmen who could help me learn the ropes and feel my way around the school community as a freshman. I was hesitant to approach the group at first because I felt embarrassed being a new comer to the school. I was not sure about how to introduce myself and ask to become a member of the group. Little did I know that my fears were totally unfounded. I was totally surprised when Ahmad Kabalawi, the president of the Middle Eastern Student Association himself approached me one time to introduce himself and ask if I wanted to attend a group meeting after classes the coming Saturday. Relief swept over me as I accepted the invitation. It turns out that it was not hard to join the group at all and they had been wondering as to why I had not approached them yet after a month of classes opening. I was so happy to join this group because they helped me overcome a lot of personal inhibitions that I had at the time. Being a new student whose first time it was away from home and my parents, I had a tendency to become very homesick. The senior members of the group helped me overcome my homesickness and desire to go home by keeping me busy in between classes. I was never alone because they always had group activities that I could participate in after classes and, most specially, I had a group of friend who understood my culture and belief system. That was very important to me because I needed to be able to keep a sense of home and my individuality while I attended school in the USA. I celebrated the important Middle Eastern and UAE holidays with the members of this group. When we were not busy bonding with each other, I helped them with their cultural information dissemination activities. We would sponsor mixers and hold friendly gatherings both on and off campus with others who were not from the Middle East in
Monday, October 28, 2019
Thought paper based on Buffalo Bill Essay Example for Free
Thought paper based on Buffalo Bill Essay William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill) was born on the 26th of February 1846 in Iowa. In Don Russell’s authoritative biography, The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill, William Cody’s lineage was traced to Philippe Le Caude of the Isle of Jersey, who married Marthe Le Brocq of Guernsey in the parish of St. Brelades, Isle of Jersey, on September 15, 1692. â€Å"Russell’s research was thorough and exemplary; the notes for his book in the Buffalo Bill Historical Center in Cody, Wyoming, are proof of that. †(Carter, Robert A. p. 11)             Just like the way history was followed in Russell’s book, the movie also follows the basic facts in history and the life of William Cody.             Also the characters in the movie mostly bear the names of the real people involved in this piece of history, and their actions resemble those of their historical counterparts.            The movie does indeed convey the atmosphere and settings of the era which it depicts quite accurately. This is because in the film, the story was simplified to depict the narrative as accurately as possible, and not just only to add drama to the events.              According to Russell’s book, â€Å"Buffalo Bill’s most remote ancestor who was definitely known was one Philip Legody. Philip Legody’s surname also appears in various surviving records in variations like Mocody, Lagody, McCody, Micody, Gody, Coady, Cody and even Codie. Although the family names are French, the Channel Islands have been British possessions since the middle Ages. No Irish or Spanish in sight; just good English stock. The Cody Family Association’s book The Descendants of Philip and Martha Cody carries the line down to the present day. Buffalo Bill was sixth in descent from Philip. Philip and Martha purchased a home in Beverly, Massachusetts, in 1698, and occupied it for twenty-five years, farming six acres of adjacent land. In 1720 Philip bought land in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, and he and his family moved there, probably in 1722 or 1723. When he died in 1743, his will was probated under the name of Coady. (Carter, Robert A.)            William Cody’s family moved Kansas about 11 years after he was born, and they settled in what is currently Kansas Territory. Cody’s father died in 1857, and he had to look employment in order to be able to help provide for the family. He started working as a messenger out of Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, â€Å"and later was one of the youngest riders for the Pony Express until they were replaced by the telegraph.†(William F. Buffalo Bill Cody.)            Cody was soon to get work as a messenger boy for a company store at Leavenworth, Kansas which was owned by Majors and Russell. For 3 years, he tried his hand at trapping, and during the Pikes Peak gold rush, he also tried prospecting. In the end, he was not very successful in any of these ventures.             In 1860, Cody was hired as a rider for the Pony Express when Russell, Majors, and Waddell, went into partnership and formed the Pony Express in order to advertise and obtain a contract for a central route for mail to the Pacific. Cody, already acquainted with the principals in this partnership, was hired as a rider. The Pony Express operated from April 3, 1860 to November 18, 1861. The venture operated at a loss and failed to bring the desired contract to Cody’s employers, whose partnership ended in bankruptcy. (Don Russell 1960)            William’s mother died on the 22nd of November 1863, and shortly after that, he enlisted in the 7th Kansas Cavalry at the age of 18, a decision that was apparently influenced by alcohol and his friends. During the Civil War Cody saw action in Tennessee, Mississippi, and Missouri. He served 19 months, including one year of active duty. He fought for two years against the Confederacy. In 1866 he married Louisa Frederici. After being discharged from the army he moved to Salt Creek Valley, Kansas where he soon started serving as a scout and guide. He also used his skills to provide meat for the crews working on the railroad. During this period he fought in as many as sixteen battles with Native Americans, and was hunting guide for the wealthy and famous visiting the West, including Grand Duke Alexis of Russia. (Shufelt, Catherine)            Cody wedded Louisa Frederici on the 6th of March 1866, after his army discharge, and he went to work as a scout at Fort Ellsworth for a short time. An old acquaintance of his, James Butler â€Å"Wild Bill†Hickok, was also an employee at Fort Ellsworth at the time. Cody was later to be hired by the management of the Kansas Pacific Railroad in a contract in which he was to kill buffalo to supply food for the company’s railroad track layers for eight months. This job is apparently where the nickname Buffalo Bill originated. A nickname that would later become known around the whole world.           As a scout for the United States Army, Cody distinguished himself, and was valued so highly in the army that General Phil Sheridan insisted on keeping Cody on the Army’s payroll, even after the campaign ended. This was something unheard of for scouts in the army at that time, and it made it possible for scouts to become acknowledged, and also paved the way for the scout to become an established position in the Army, during the years of the Indian wars. In October 1868, General Sheridan made William Cody chief scout of the 5th Cavalry.            As a national figure, Cody first began to attract attention when a serial story about â€Å"Buffalo Bill†was published in a New York newspaper in 1869. Then he got the assignment to be a guide for a hunting trip embarked upon by the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia, in 1872. With the press following the Duke’s every move, Cody received a great deal more exposure. This experience was followed by his first trip to the eastern states. He attended a play about himself and was talked into taking part in the performance. Thus began a period of years when Cody alternated between scouting duties and theatrical tours. (Don Russell 1960)            Buffalo Bill realized his ambition of hosting a big outdoor exhibition that contained buffaloes, horses and wagon trains in Nebraska, in 1882. The show consisted partly of theater and rodeo. There were also some circus displays, and the show proved to be altogether a successful one. After that, Cody devoted his life to this show for 30 years, and traveled across Europe, Canada and the United States on the show. â€Å"He was received by European royalty, hailed as a hero, and given the Congressional Medal of Honor. He had diverse business interests, and founded the town of Cody, Wyoming as a tourist attraction.†(Catherine Shufelt)           During the war, William Cody was awarded a Medal of Honor for action against Indians at the South Fork of the Loup River in Nebraska, in 1872. He was later to play an important role in assisting General George Crook’s campaign against the Sioux in 1876. In 1916, however, his name was removed from the record of Medal of Honor recipients, because he we was a civilian, and thus, considered ineligible for the Medal of Honor award. Cody became interested in developing the Big Horn Basin in Wyoming in the 1890s. The Cody Canal was built in 1895, as part of the Shoshone Land and Irrigation Project. The company laid out a townsite, first calling it â€Å"Shoshone.†With the Shoshoni Indian agency in the region this was rejected to avoid confusion. Therefore, in August, 1896 the Cody post office was established, with Buffalo Bill’s nephew, Ed Goodman, as postmaster. The water project led to the building of the Shoshone Dam, which was completed in 1910. The dam was renamed â€Å"Buffalo Bill Dam†in 1946. Buffalo Bill was also instrumental in bringing a rail line to the town of Cody in 1901. (Don Russell 1960)             William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill) died on the 10th of January 1917, in Denver, Colorado, and was buried on Lookout Mountain, which is west of Denver.  References Don Russell. The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill. University of Oklahoma Press,            1960. Shufelt, Catherine. WHO was BUFFALO BILL? Carter, Robert A. Buffalo Bill Cody: The Man behind the Legend. William F. Buffalo Bill Cody. (Retrieved from http://wyoarchives.state.wy.us/articles/buffalob.htm)
Challenges in the Business Environment Essay Example for Free
Challenges in the Business Environment Essay There has been no change to Apple Code of Conduct policy since 2014 when Apple started taking previous audit scores into consideration and conduct detailed risk assessments with suppliers who had not been audited in the past before awarding the new business. In 2014, we reviewed 459 suppliers, and factored their responsibility performance into our decisions. This engagement has allowed Apple to address over 700 findings related to labor standards, worker safety, permits, environmental hazards, and chemical management before production began (Apple – 2014 Supplier Code of Conduct). Apple has made significant progress, gaps still exist, and there is more work to do. Apple knows that workers are counting on them and they will not stop until every person in their supply chain is treated with the respect and dignity they deserve (Apple Supplier Responsibility 2015 Progress Report). Apple believes that it is not enough to just set high standards they must work every day to make sure they’re upheld. Apple Supplier Code of Conduct is among the toughest in the industry. To track working conditions at suppliers’ facilities, we conduct regular, in-person audits deep into the supply chain. Audits remain essential to Apple work, but they’re only the beginning. Apple reports monthly on working hours for over one million workers with hopes that their openness will inspire other companies. But more important, Apple believe the feedback that transparency invites makes us even better (Apple Supplier Responsibility 2015 Progress Report). Apple’s suppliers are required to provide safe working conditions, treat workers with dignity and respect, act fairly and ethically, and use environmentally responsible practices wherever they make products or perform services for Apple. Apple requires its suppliers to operate in accordance with the principles in this Apple Supplier Code of Conduct (â€Å"Code†) and in full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. This Code goes beyond mere compliance with the law by drawing upon internationally recognized standards to advance social and environmental responsibility. This Code outlines Apple’s expectations for Supplier conduct regarding labor and human rights, health and safety, environmental protection, ethics, and management practices. Apple assesses its suppliers’ compliance with this Code, and any violations of this Code may jeopardize the supplier’s business relationship with Apple, up to and including termination. This Code applies to Apple suppliers and their subsidiaries, affiliates, and subcontractors (each a â€Å"Supplier†) providing goods or services to Apple, or for use in or with Apple products (Apple – 2014 Supplier Code of Conduct). To show that Apple believes that it is not enough to just set high standards and that they must work every day to make sure they’re upheld. In 2014, over 2.3 million workers were trained on Apple’s Co de and their rights. Apple invested millions of dollars to expand our Supplier Employee Education and Development (SEED) program since it began. SEED now totals 48 classrooms in 23 facilities equipped with iMac computers, iPad devices, education software, video conferencing systems, and more. To make sure the standards were upheld Apple performed 633 audits covering over 1.6 million workers in 2014. Apple also audited suppliers in 19 countries and calls were made to 30,000 workers to make sure their rights were being upheld (Apple – 2014 Supplier Code of Conduct). Apple Suppliers Understanding of Their Standards, Responsibilities, and Company Relationship Apple is proud of the strong relationships they have built with their suppliers, many of whom have been working with them for years. Apple periodically reviews their relationships and adds new suppliers as needed. Apple requires each of its suppliers to meet the highest standards for all goods and services. Our requirements include a commitment to rigorous quality assurance. In addition, suppliers must be committed, as we are, to ensuring the highest standards of soci al responsibility. The ideal suppliers are those who understand our culture and expectations. We value suppliers who take the time to learn about and understand our business and who look for ways to add value. These suppliers know the importance of making and meeting commitments and delivering the highest quality goods and services (Apple Apple and Procurement). Apple business environment is competitive and fast-paced. Apple suppliers must understand this dynamic and be agile and flexible in responding to changing business conditions. All over the world, people are building Apple products and Apple has a responsibility to make sure that each person is treated with dignity and respect. It’s a massive challenge where Apple work is never done, but each year they implement meaningful, lasting changes across their supply chain. Because of this around the globe, Apple employees are united in bringing equality, human rights, and respect for the environment to the deepest layers of their supply chain. Apple goes deep into their supply chain to enforce their social and environmental standards by empowering workers through education, demanding that suppliers treat workers fairly and ethically at all times, having safe and healthy facilities, and hold their products and processes to the highest environmental standards (Apple Supplier Responsibility 2015 Progress Report). Apple believes that in order to make impactful changes across their supply chain, it’s important to understand firsthand what’s happening inside their suppliers’ facilities. That’s why they don’t simply employ and review audits from behind a desk in Cupertino. Instead, they directly gauge how their supplier facilities are doing by regularly visiting and partnering with their suppliers around the world, so when they discover a problem, they can work together to get it fixed (Apple – Accountability). To make sure the standards are understood and upheld Apple performed 633 audi ts covering over 1.6 million workers. Apple also audited suppliers in 19 countries and calls 30,000 workers to make sure their rights are being upheld. Every audit is led by an Apple auditor and supported by local third-party auditors. These third parties are experts in their fields and all have been trained to use our detailed auditing protocols. During each audit, Apple grade suppliers on more than 100 data points corresponding to each category of our Supplier Code of Conduct (Apple – Accountability). Apple auditors are highly skilled at identifying when suppliers are covering up information. Apple audits are proven to improve supplier compliance. Each year we review and raise our already strict requirements, and suppliers continue to meet our increasingly stringent standards. In 2014, facilities audited two times scored 25 percent higher than those facilities with first-time audits. Facilities audited three times or more scored 31 percent higher than facilities audited for the first time (Apple – Accountability). In addition to these regular, prescheduled audits, Apple randomly select facilities to audit unannoun ced. These surprise audits help ensure that our suppliers continue to meet our standards at all times not just during scheduled visits. Apple conducted 40 surprise audits in 2014, where their team visited suppliers on the spot and inspected the facility within hours. After the audit Apple conducts physical inspections, reviews documents, and interviews workers in their native languages, without their managers present. Afterward, workers are given a phone number, so they have the opportunity to securely and confidentially provide additional feedback about a facility to our team, including anything they consider to be unethical behavior. Apple encourages workers to report any retaliation to us, and we follow up with all suppliers to address each reported issue (Apple – Accountability). Inclusion these audits, code of conduct, and standards give Apple suppliers the understanding of what it means to be part of the company. Reference Apple Accountability. (2015, January 1). Retrieved March 7, 2015, from http://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/accountability/ Apple Apple and Procurement. (2015, January 1). Retrieved March 7, 2015, from http://www.apple.com/procurement/ Apple – 2014 Supplier Code of Conduct. (2014, January). Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.apple.com/ca/supplierresponsibility/pdf/Apple_Supplier_Code_of_Conduct.pdf Apple Supplier Responsibility Progress Report. (2015, January). Retrieved March 3, 2015 from https://www.apple.com/supplierresponsibility/pdf/Apple_Progress_Report_2015.pdf
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Confucian Philosophy and Corporate Responsibility Essay -- essays rese
Freedom devoid of responsibility would result in the collapse of the social network. It would cause strife among individuals, between individuals and society, and essentially would lead to the sacrifice of the future in order to fulfill short-term desires. Coming under much scrutiny for allegedly doing just this is today’s dominant institution, a legal establishment with pervasive influence on contemporary life: the modern corporate enterprise. We live in a world plagued with human exploitation and severe environmental degradation. Many would claim that behind this unfair and unsustainable global situation lies the profit-hungry hand of corporate power. Accused and often found criminally guilty in court of having enormous and often hidden harms, one might ask exactly what a corporations ethical responsibilities are towards the world in which it functions. Attitudes toward the subject of responsibility are globally and historically diverse, however. Due to cultural differences certain traditions are heavily concerned with responsibility and societal harmony while others are far more preoccupied with free choice and individual rights. Looking to Confucianism, the philosophy of Confucius (or King fu-tzu), one can see a philosophy that places a great deal of emphasis on human responsibility. Confucius is, in fact, the most influential thinker in human history if influence were to be measured by the number of people who have lived in accordance with a philosopher’s vision. (Ames, 28) Turning to the scriptures outlining the teachings of this Chinese sage who lived over 2,500 years ago, it would be unproblematic to prove that the modern corporation has been and continues to be unethical by Confucian standards. That is not the purpose of this essay, however. This essay will explore concept of corporate institutions and their ethical accountability using Confucian philosophy a guide. For the purposes of this essay, focus will be given to the Confucian Analects and interpretations of it. This compilation of quotes, conversations and anecdotes is also referred to as The Lunyu and remains the primary source document of Confucian philosophy. Interestingly, despite being revered as Chinas first and greatest teacher, there is no coherent system of thought laid down by Confucius himself. Much like Socrates, Buddha and Jesus Christ, Confucius’ many disciples are entirely... ...gree with. Whether it is due to innate predispositions or learned characteristics, human beings, despite admittedly irrational behaviors, are also moral beings. We are characterized by our freedom of choice, consciousness of abstract thought and largely by a sense of responsibility. As a species we are not solely interested in the process of an action, but also its motives and its consequences. One could argue that attaining a manageable balance between action and responsibility has been a fundamental issue in all past and present traditions and philosophies. In a sense, whether a concrete proposal for universal Confucian ethic is successfully put in place is not of primary importance. The significance is found in the ethical attention of the modern day corporations and the consumerist world that supports them , shifting in a fundamental way from rights-based morality, to a more sustainable, responsibility-emphasized ethic. While perhaps a corporation itself has is devoid of moral obligations, those who function within it, along with the public supporters of it are not. In and contributing to the harmony of the universe, Confucian ethics will have an instrumental role to play.
Friday, October 25, 2019
How to Become a Citizen of the United States Essay -- The Immigration
How to Become a Citizen of the United States Becoming a citizen of the United States is a very lengthy process. Not just anyone can become a citizen of the United States. There are many requirements and responsibilities to becoming a citizen, whether it is of the United States or any other country. Being a citizen of the United States is a very special privilege. The people who do become a citizen should be very lucky and proud to be the citizen of the United States. Even though they do become citizens of the United States they shouldn't forget about their own country either, but share the joyfulness. The process to becoming a citizen is not hard, but you have to have been a good residence of the United States. That means you had to obey all laws and be a person of good moral character. To become a citizen an applicant must be 18 years of age or older. They should have also been lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence. Individuals who have been lawfully admitted as permanent residents will be asked to produce an I-551, Alien Registration Receipt Card, as proof of their residency. The applicant also has to have been residing in the U.S. for five years prior to filing with absences from the United States totaling no more than one year. Also the applicant should have also been physically present in the United States for at least two and a half years out of the previous five years, and has resided within a state or district for at least three months. The most important thing in the naturalization, or citizenship, process is the moral character of the applicant . This is important because the U.S., or any other country from what I know, would want a person who has been a criminal or has done illegal activities within that country. An applicant is permanently barred from naturalization of they have been convicted of murder or an aggravated felony. Also an applicant is not considered to be a person of good moral character if they have done any of the following within the five years: 1) has committed and been convicted of one or more crimes involving moral turpitude. 2) Has committed and been convicted of 2 or more offenses for which the total sentence imposed was 5 years or more. 3) Has committed and been convicted of any controlled substance law, except for a single offense of simple possession of 30 grams or less of marij... ... for citizenship, or because they have not met the citizenship requirements. One of the most important requirements is residence in the United States. Immigrants may become naturalized citizens after a minimum of 5 years residence, or in some cases after 3 years residence, by taking an oath of allegiance in a court or in a administrative hearing, or by deriving their citizenship through the naturalization of their parents. In addition to the 5.8 million immigrants eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship, approximately 687,000 children may be eligible to derive their citizenship through their parents' naturalization. This is the process by which one goes to becoming a citizen of the United States of America. As you can see there are many things that you have to have to be eligible. Some of those things are for example, a specific age, a permanent residence of the United States for 5 years, proof of permanent residency, good moral character, etc. By taking the Oath of Allegiance you are accepting all of the responsibilities that are stated in the oath. When you do that you are a citizen of the United States of America, which I think is the best citizenship a person can have.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Economic Causes of Poverty Essay
Poverty is the deprivation of necessities that that determine the quality of life. These necessities comprises of the basic human needs and better education which directly influences the type of employment and income earned and enable one to fight poverty. In October 2008 World Bank revised the poverty line to 1. 25 US dollar per day from 1 US dollar per day. After revision of the poverty line measure, an estimated 1. 4 billion people were found to live at this poverty line or below (Otlin, 2008). There is an upward poverty trend; for instance in 2004, 984 million people were living on or below the line of measure i. e. 1 US dollar whereas in 1981, 1. 9 million were living on or below the poverty line (Weaver & Park, 2007). Among other causes of poverty, economic causes which include capital flight, unemployment, low income, unfair property laws and unfair trade has really made poverty alleviation in developing countries a complicated issue despite the efforts of these countries to fight against poverty. Rapid flow of money outside a country or any other assets commonly known as capital flight is a major economic cause of poverty. In most cases the movement is due to instability and reduced returns. Investors move their money from one investment to another, either within the same country or to a different country to avoid high inflation and search for stability and increased returns. Capital flight is mostly witnessed in a country with currency instability and sometimes the outflows are intensive thus affecting the whole financial system of the country (Epstein, 2005). The loss of confidence and devaluation of the affected country burdens the citizens and their properties lose the nominal value. This resorts to reduced purchasing power of assets of a country making it very expensive to import goods. Due to devaluation of the economy’s currency, inflation comes in. Consequently, the currency unit can only purchase fewer goods thus accelerating poverty. Capital flight also hampers investment which may reduce economic growth of the developing economies. Unemployment is another economic cause of poverty. It usually occurs when one is ready and able to work but there is no work for him/her. The inadequacies of basic human needs and better education are normally as result of un-employment. A country where there is a higher rate of unemployment, the Growth Domestic Product (GDP) is low since most people are not working. According Epstein (2005), unemployment is a primary cause of temporal poverty. The moment people get job, they supplement their incomes and thus reduce poverty levels. Sounder further says that poverty increases with increase in unemployment duration. People without jobs can be having skill which can improve production, but since they have not been employed, their skills may not be utilized. This can result is low productivity in the country. In other cases, un-employment can be a social cost to the society. Issues like crimes, terrorism and drug abuse which may be as a result of poverty, marginalization and unemployment are costly to eliminate. Money which can be used to alleviate the living standards is used for fighting crimes instead. Unemployment brings income inequality which widens the gap between the rich and the poor. Winefield (2002), points out that unemployment leads to delay in experience gain which reduces productivity. Moreover, in countries which provide job search allowance, the government expenditure goes high because more people are entitled to these allowances. This can force the government to reduce money given to other crucial sectors for example agricultural sector which can be a source of livelihood to the country’s population. Taxes may also increase due to high government expenditure resulting to increase in prices of commodities. Low income means that people will have a limited purchasing power. Winefield (2002) points out that, low income earnings place people near or on at the poverty line. He further argues that, raising the incomes by increasing the wages without dismissing their job opportunities has historically minimized poverty rates. According to his research findings, increasing minimum wage will help reduce poverty levels, however minimal. Small household budgets experience the greatest impacts since they have a limited purchasing power. This has facilitated poverty in developing countries. Increases in food prices and an instant steep rise in agricultural commodities is another economic cause of poverty. The rise in food prices can be attributed to increased demand of staple commodities, higher energy prices especially fuel and electricity which affects transportation and production costs of agricultural products and farm inputs e. g. fertilizer and pesticides. Food prices may also rise due to lack of alternative market outlets for agricultural product and low yields of cereals (Anker, 2006). Competition between industrial commercial organizations is healthy and encouraged by market economies. However, unfair property laws by competitors and use of malicious ways to gain business mileage e. g. making false and direct attack to a competitor may scare away potential investors. At times it happens despite the fact that a code of conduct has been set to guard against this behavior. Unfair competition which comprises of all acts and practices during industrial and commercial transactions which are contrary to honest practices may hamper selling and buying of good and services. Unfair competition may include confusion caused in relation to another enterprise’s products or its activities, acts that are misleading for instance, false implications of a competitor’s product, and damaging the goodwill of the competitors. All this may lead to unfair competition which causes decline in sale of goods or services. Eventually, this will translate increased levels of poverty in the affected economies due reduced sales, exports and other losses that may arise from unfair trade. In conclusion, poverty alleviation is a complex issue to deal with. It requires that all relevant stakeholders get rid of their selfish interest so that they can deal with the root causes of poverty. All causes of poverty ranging from economic, governance, demographic and social factors, environmental factors, if looked into by good governance, transparency in public expenditure, strengthening of management capacity and improvement of the public service delivery will help in promoting a competitive private sector environment for development and trade regime liberalization. This can contribute greatly to poverty alleviation in the world and especially in developing countries in Africa, Latin America and East Asia. A fair trade between developed and developing countries is fundamental if the question of poverty in developing countries is ever to be addressed. For instance, disruption of trade in Africa has greatly affected the process of integration in business. As a result poverty levels have increased undermining and lowering the livelihoods of small scale farmers and producers as well as depriving the young people their rights. References: Anker, R. , (2006); Poverty Lines around the World: A New Methodology and Internationally Comparable Estimates. International Labor Review Journal, Vol. 145 Epstein, G. A. , (2005); Capital Flight and Capital Controls in Developing Countries. ISBN 184376931X, 9781843769316, Edward Elgar Publishing. Otlin, J. , (2008); The Causes of Poverty: Thinking Critically about a Key Economic Issue. Journal of Social Education, Vol. 72 Weaver, C. & Park, S. , (2007); The Role of the World Bank in Poverty Alleviation and Human Development in the Twenty-First Century: An Introduction. Global Governance Journal, Vol. 13 Winefield, A. H, (2002); Unemployment, Underemployment, Occupational Stress and Psychological Well-Being. Australian Journal of Management, Vol. 27
Consumer Preference on Infants Milk Essay
There is no question about breast milk being the best start a baby can have in life. It is firmly believes that breastfeeding is the best way to feed a baby and is strongly committed to its protection and promotion. Starting at about 6 months of age, the period of weaning is critical for the future development and growth of infants. The introduction of appropriate and nutritious complementary food from this age is extremely important. Infant formula milk is a manufactured food designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants less than 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) as a substitute to breast feeding. Companies that manufacture infant formula used different strategies in order to market their product one of them is product positioning. Product positioning is an important part of a product marketing strategy. It helps buyers and users understand where a product ‘fits’ in terms what it offers, and how it compares with competing products. Product positioning is an important element of a marketing plan. Product positioning is the process marketers use to determine how to best communicate their products’ attributes to their target customers based on customer needs, competitive pressures, available communication channels and carefully crafted key messages. Effective product positioning ensures that marketing messages resonate with target consumers and compel them to take action. Product positioning and consumer buying behavior must be studied in order to prove the perception of consumer in purchasing infant formula. Statement of the Problem. This study aimed to determine the Product Positioning of Infants’ Formula Milk in selected Drugstores in Bacoor City. 1. What are the socio- economic characteristics of the consumers who are purchasing infants’ formula? 2. What are brands of infants’ formula consumer buys? 3. Which drugstore consumer purchased the infants’ formula milk? 4. How do drugstores position their infants’ formula milk product? 5. What are the buying attributes of consumer? Objectives: This core objective of the study is to identify the product positioning of infants’ formula in selected drugstores in Bacoor City. This study aimed to: 1. describe the socio-economic characteristic of consumers who are purchasing infants’ formula milk. 2. identify the brand of infants’ formula consumer buy. 3. identify the drugstore in which consumer purchases the infants’ formula milk. 4. determine on how drugstores position their infants’ formula milk. 5. determine the buying attributes of consumer. Importance of the Study: The findings of the study would create a deeper understanding about the product positioning of infants’ formula. It will be beneficial to the following: Buyer. This study would serve as a guide to buyers in making the right in choosing appropriate infants’ formula. Distributors. This study will serve as a guide to distributor to identify the attributes that buyer consider in purchasing infants’ formula milk, so that they can position their product effectively. Retailer. This study will serve as a guide to retailer to know what is the most preferred brand of infants’ formula milk buyer purchases so that they will know which brand of infants’ formula milk they will sell. Future Researcher. The researcher could gain insights in product positioning of infants’ formula milk. The information from this study can guide those who are interested to conduct the same study. Operational Defintion of Terms: In order for the reader to understand the study, the following terms are hereby defined operationally as they will be used in the study: Buyer. They are the individuals who purchase infants’ formula milk. Drugstore. It is a retailing store that offers infants’ formula milk. Socio- Economic Characteristics. This are composed of age, gender, civil status, monthly income, employment status and educational attainment of consumers who are buying infants’ formula milk. Product Positioning. It involves creating a unique, consistent, and recognized customer perception about a firm’s offering and image. A product or service may be positioned on the basis of an attitude or benefit, use or application, user, class, price, or level of quality. It targets a product for specific market segments and product needs at specific prices.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
A Project on Ipl.
A PROJECT REPORT ON MARKETING STRATERGIES OF INDIAN PRIMIER LEAGUE (IPL) SUBMITTED BY BHAVIK K. SANGHVI THIRD YEAR OF BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES (V-SEMESTER) PRAHLADRAI DALMIA LIONS COLLEGE OF COMMERCE & ECONOMICS, MUMBAI – 400 064 TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES ACADEMIC YEAR 2011-2012 DECLARATION I, Bhavik K. Sanghvi student of T. Y. B. M. S. Prahladrai Dalmia Lions College have completed the Project on Marketing Strategies of Indian Premier League For the Academic Year 2011-2012. The information given in this project is true to the best of my knowledge.Bhavik K. Sanghvi CERTIFICATE I Prof. Dr. A. M. Bhende hereby certify that Bhavik K. Sanghvi student of T. Y. B. M. S. PRAHLADRAI DALMIA LIONS COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS has completed the Project on MARKETING STRATEGIES OF INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE for the Academic year 2011-2012. This information is true to the best of my knowledge. |Signature of |Signature of Princ ipal | |Project Co-ordinator | |ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Mumbai University for having projects as a part of the B. M. S. curriculum. Many people have influenced the shape and content of this project, and many supported me through it. I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. A. M. Bhende for assigning me a project on MARKETING STRATEGIES OF INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE, which is an interesting and exhaustive subject. He has been an inspiration and role model for this topic. His guidance and active support has made it possible to complete the assignment.I also would like to thank my parents, my sister and my friends who have helped and encouraged me throughout the working of the project. Last but not the least I would like to thank the Almighty for always helping me. PREFACE This project is undertaken to fulfil the project work component of the B. M. S. program in the V Semester. My project guide from P. D. College is Prof. Dr. A. M . Bhende. This project shows the working style and life of employees at their workplace. It gives an insight into the employer-employee relationships prevalent in companies.It speaks about how a company should keep their employees happy by providing them quality work life. This project also gives an overview of how a Human Resource Department should function so as to retain the best of the company's human resources for the company's betterment. INTRODUCTION [pic] What is the Indian Premier League (INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL))? The Indian Premier League, created by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and sanctioned by the International Cricket Council (ICC), is a Twenty20 cricket competition.It is the brainchild of BCCI vice-president Lalit Modi and is modelled along the lines of club football in Europe, which is unlike anything cricket has known in the past. The best players from around the world will not play according to their nationality but as per the market forces. Big money involved The sheer big money of the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is unprecedented at this level of cricket. The BCCI has already made close to US$ 1. 75 billion solely from the sale of TV rights ($908 million), promotion ($108 million) and franchises (approximately $700 million).Players are expected to earn close to US$1 million for a three-year contract. It's an entire cricket economy out there. Top cricketers involved There are 77 names in the competition. MS Dhoni, Ricky Ponting, Adam Gilchrist, Shoaib Akhtar, Jayawardene, Jayasuriya, Yuvraj and Hayden are some of the big names. The process The tournament is scheduled to begin on April 18, 2008 and will last for 44 days, involving 59 matches. The prize money for the league will be around Rs 13 crore (US $3million).Each team will have a pool of 16 players, of whom eight can be international and four from the Under-22 level or from the catchment area where the team is based. The governing council consists of Chairman and Commissioner Lalit Modi, Sunil Gavaskar, MAK Pataudi and Ravi Shastri, Rajiv Shukla, Chirayu Amin, Inderjit Singh Bindra and Arun Jaitley. Although it is going to be a franchise system, some foreign players have already been contracted by the BCCI to play in the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). Fixtures Each team will play the other 7 teams home and away, the top four teams at the end of the group stages will go through to the semi finals.Format 8 teams 16 players in a squad INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) as a Product: Position in the BCG Matrix: Is INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) just a product now ? Is INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) only for money minting ? What is its position in the BCG MATRIX ? The Indian Premier League going to be held in South Africa will mainly be a television product for the Indian market and the crowd attendances will be no more than a bonus, according to a former cricket administrator. Arthur Turner says that hosting of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) in South Africa is no t a coup for the country as the tournament was shifted out of India due to security reasons. It is hard to see how eight foreign teams playing 59 matches in a foreign country will capture the imagination of the South African public. Sure there will be a curiosity factor but nothing more. Durban will probably be the exception given the huge Indian community,†Sports24. com quoted Arthur, as saying. He says the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) will be mainly a television product for the Indian market and the crowd attendances will be no more than a bonus, and adds that the main aim of the organisers is to ensure that the tournament takes place.Arthur compliments Cricket South Africa on assisting the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) by hosting the tournament in the country as an emergency measure, which is good in the spirit of cricket. The South African economy will also benefit from the move with the hospitality, hotel and transport industries being the main beneficiaries. Also, the loca l cricket provinces and their venues will benefit financially from a staging fee for matches, he says. What is BCG MATRIX? [pic] The BCG matrix or also called BCG model relates to marketing.The BCG model is a well-known portfolio management tool used in product life cycle theory. BCG matrix is often used to prioritize which products within company product mix get more funding and attention. The BCG matrix model is aportfolio planning model developed by Bruce Henderson of the Boston Consulting Group in the early 1970's. The BCG model is based on classification of products (and implicitly also company business units) into four categories based on combinations ofmarket growth and market share relative to the largest competitor. When should I use the BCG matrix model?Each product has its product life cycle, and each stage in product's life-cycle represents a different profile of risk and return. In general, a company should maintain a balanced portfolio of products. Having a balanced product portfolio includes both high-growth products as well aslow-growth products. A high-growth product is for example a new one that we are trying to get to some market. It takes some effort and resources to market it, to build distribution channels, and to build sales infrastructure, but it is a product that is expected to bring the gold in the future.An example of this product would be an iPod. A low-growth product is for example an established product known by the market. Characteristics of this product do not change much, customers know what they are getting, and the price does not change much either. This product has only limited budget for marketing. The is the milking cow that brings in the constant flow of cash. An example of this product would be a regular Colgate toothpaste. But the question is, how do we exactly find out what phase our product is in, and how do we classify what we sell?Furthermore, we a lso ask, where does each of our products fit into our product mix? Should we promote one product more than the other one? The BCG matrix can help with this. The BCG matrix reaches further behind product mix. Knowing what we are selling helps managers to make decisions about what priorities to assign to not only products but also company departments and business units. What is the BCG matrix and how does the BCG model work? Placing products in the BCG matrix results in 4 categories in a portfolio of a company: BCG STARS (high growth, high market share) Stars are defined by having high market share in a growing market. – Stars are the leaders in the business but still need a lot of support for promotion a placement. – If market share is kept, Stars are likely to grow into cash cows. BCG QUESTION MARKS (high growth, low market share) – These products are in growing markets but have low market share. – Question marks are essentially new p roducts where buyers have yet to discover them. – The marketing strategy is to get markets to adopt these products. – Question marks have high demands and low returns due to low market share. These products need to increase their market share quickly or they become dogs. – The best way to handle Question marks is to either invest heavily in them to gain market share or to sell them. BCG CASH COWS (low growth, high market share) – Cash cows are in a position of high market share in a mature market. – If competitive advantage has been achieved, cash cows have high profit margins and generate a lot of cash flow. – Because of the low growth, promotion and placement investments are low. – Investments into supporting infrastructure can improve efficiency and increase cash flow more. Cash cows are the products that businesses strive for. BCG DOGS (low growth, low market share) – Dogs are in low growth markets and have low market share. – Dogs should be avoided and minimized. – Expensive turn-around plans usually do not help. And now, let's put all this into a picture: [pic] Are there any problems with the BCG matrix model? Some limitations of the BCG matrix model include: †¢ The first problem can be how we define market and how we get data about market share †¢ A high market share does not necessarily lead to profitability at all times The model employs only two dimensions – market share and product or service growth rate †¢ Low share or niche businesses can be profitable too (some Dogs can be more profitable than cash Cows) †¢ The model does not reflect growth rates of the overall market †¢ The model neglects the effects of synergy between business units †¢ Market growth is not the only indicator for attractiveness of a market †¢ There are probably even more aspects that need to be considered in a particular use of the BCG model. †¢ Where can I find more information about the BCG matrix model?What is the next level of strategic management analysis? The BCG matrix can help to find a strategy. But, what if we have 2-3 strategies and need to decide which one is the best one? The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) model can be used to compare strategic alternatives. I have questions about the BCG matrix In case you have any questions about the BCG matrix, you might want to submit them at our management discussion forum. You might also be interested in reading about the Balanced Scorecardmodel and about the Porter's Five Forces model.Marketing Mix of Indian premier league [pic] INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) – The Indian premier league has taken the cricketing world by storm. It has also got its marketing mix spot on. Read on to discover the perfection in the marketing mix of Indian Premier League Product INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) stands for Indian Premier League. It is a Twenty20 tourna ment started by BCCI. It is the brainchild of Lalit Modi. It started in the year 2008 and comprises the players from all over the world. A perfect blend of cricket & entertainment.It’s providing a stage for many youngsters to show their performance & profitable too to Advertisers and broadcasting channels. Price As far as the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) pricing structure is concern, The INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is predicted to bring the BCCI income of approximately US$ 1. 6 billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to a central pool, 40% of which will go to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) itself, 54% to franchisees and 6% as prize money.The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017, after which the share of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) will be 50%, franchisees 45% and prize money 5%. The INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for the series in an Rs. 106 Crore’s (1. 06 billion) deal. This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires’ uniforms & also on the giant screens during third umpire decisions. Sony Entertainment Television signed a new contract with BCCI with Sony Entertainment Television paying a staggering Rs. 8700 Crore’s (87 billion) for 10 years.Place The first season of the Indian Premier League commenced on 18 April 2008 in India, and ended on 1 June 2008 with the victory of the Rajasthan Royals against Chennai Super Kings in the final at the DY Patil Stadium, Navi Mumbai. As the second season of the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) coincided with multi-phase 2009 Indian general elections, the Indian Central Government refused to provide the Indian paramilitary forces to provide security, saying the forces would be stretched too thinly if they were to safeguard both the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and the elections.As a result, the BCCI decided to host the second season of the league outside India. All 59 ma tches of the second season, abbreviated as INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) 2, took place in South Africa. Ironically, South Africa were also scheduled to have elections doing the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL), however, the South African government provided adequate security for both the South African General Elections and the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). Promotion When Bollywood and cricket met, the result was INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and it was truly entertaining to see one’s favorite cricketer as well the Bollywood star on the same platform.INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) was no doubt an entertaining one. Super stars like Shah Rukh, Preity, Akshay, Katrina, Hrithik had been a source which provided a lot of glam to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) promotion. To attract the cricket fans, even team-owners have started selling tickets personally. Preity Zinta, the co-owner of Kings XI Punjab and Australian pace man Brett Lee sold the tickets along with their autographs. People Indian Premi er League is mostly targeted for the younger generation youth.As the generations are very busy with their day to day work with INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) they get entertainment along with cricket which helps them to enjoy every aspect of the game. People are very excited towards INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) as this is only one game that brings different players of different countries at one platform, for which they tend to get attracted to see their favorite player perform. Some of the audiences are also attracted to see their favorite celebrity cheering for the team. Process Indian Premier League as a whole is the biggest event of the year for which months of preparation are to be done.For instance organizing the respective 8 teams who are performing for the event and the most important of all is marketing the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) as it has to reach the wide range of audience globally. An arrangement of stadium where this event is going to be held is also finalized well befo re. Finally and most important of all is execution of the Event. Physical Evidence Fun, Music, Entertainment & sports, where can you find that, answer for that is INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE. People wait for this season as they get everything in a joyful bundle.INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is also the biggest platform for advertising and promoting different product or brands which is clearly viewable during the event. 1) Franchisees were auctioned 2) Auctioning the players participating in the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) tournament 3) TV, radio channels, complete digital and print media has been used for advertisement. 4) Cheerleaders were one of the most important things that is talked about, they attracted huge crowd. 5) It was telecasted worldwide. 6) Locations: the venue chosen for the cricket matches was a strategic choice .This places which are named after franchisees, which helped attract people. 7) Conflicts with some media partners and some cricket boards again demanded the attent ion of people. 8) Timing: INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has shown its strategic application of intellect by choosing the evening time for the matches, which made people watch game comfortably. 9) ICL: the rival ICL had been one of the reasons for the publicity and emergence of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). People started comparing the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) & ICL that caused the huge publicity for the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) 0) Opening ceremony was one of the most amazing experience. 11) Live concerts: 12) Franchises taken by film stars like Shahrukh Khan, Pretty Zinta etc are the center for attraction, which made Bollywood stars come for the game. 13) Bollywood stars were used for anchoring and promotion of teams. For example Akshay Kumar for Delhi daredevils, Shahrukh khan for kolkata knight riders. 14) Special phrases were used made the sponsors pay more for example: for every six it was a DLF Maximum, for every special moment it was city moment of success.INDIAN PREMIER LE AGUE (IPL) ready for a 160 crore Marketing Blitz ADVERTISEMENT FOR INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) [pic] The fourth edition of Indian Premier League (INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)) has a number of brands trying to squeeze the most out of the cricketing extravaganza. Consumers will see numerous campaigns and product launches by many corporate giants during the 50-day tournament that kicked off in Chennai on Friday. The main sponsors on Set Max, the official broadcaster of the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)-4, are said to be spending a fortune to push visibility among the bunch of advertisers.The rates are said to have touched Rs 30 to Rs 40 crore per advertiser for each sponsorship deal, while new comers wanting to associate with the tournament are said to be spending 25-30 per cent more. The broadcaster announced that it has increased the ad rates by 20 per cent this year. According to an industry source, a month back the price for a 10-second slot was Rs 6 lakh. Last year, the broadca ster had started selling its initial inventory to advertisers for Rs 5 lakh for a 10-second spot. The channel is said to have earned around Rs 300 crore from INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)'s first edition and around Rs 500 crore from the second.Media experts cite these as the peak months, which explain the huge number of promotions. The official broadcaster has sold a majority of its advertising inventory. Set Max holds 10 years exclusive rights for the tournament since it started in 2008. There will be hordes of advertisements and various new campaigns from different corporate giants for the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)-4 that comes on the heels of the hugely successful ICC World Cup. â€Å"We are the on-air sponsors for INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)-4 (mobile side).We will be heavy on advertisements and there will be various new launches in the air conditioners and mobile segments during the period,†said Ruchika Batra, general manager for southwest Asia, Samsung. â€Å"INDIAN P REMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has the whole family as an audience, which has a good impact with the prime time dominance. The advertisers will definitely get the best return. Our inventory is more-or-less sold,†said Punitha Arumugam, group chief executive officer, Madison Media. Madison's major clients who are spending for the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) include Godrej and Cadbury. Godrej has announced a nation-wide mass multi- category loyalty programme – the Godrej Power Play, probably the largest from the group so far since it started its brand re-building three years ago,†said Ashutosh Tiwari, executive vice president, strategic marketing, Godrej. The group will launch new products in the appliances and hair colour categories during INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)-4. Godrej Power Play will allow consumers to participate in the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) by creating their own cricket teams, exchanging players and winning prizes during the tournament.Other brands like Onid a, too, have their plans laid out, though they prefer to play it safe. â€Å"INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has become an important tournament now. Film releases are also postponed during this time of the year. So, it is difficult to be completely out of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). We won't be spending heavily, but yes will be visible during the period and focus more on the AC category,†said K. Sriram, vice president, sales and marketing, Onida. Companies have also come up with INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) specials. Recently, German automobile giant Volkswagen unveiled a special INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) edition of the Vento.Volkswagen is the exclusive automotive partner for both INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)-4 and the next season of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). According to media planners, the Internet will also be a major platform. Advertisers have become active and surely do not want to miss a single opportunity to connect with the net savvy consumers. MERCHANDISE FOR INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) †¢ Service †¢ About Us †¢ eBay Education †¢ Our Blog †¢ Contact Us Indian Premier League Merchandise [pic] How iStreet used eCommerce platform effectively to sell INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) merchandisesINDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and eBay Connection INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) or Indian Premier League has become one of the most watched and most entertaining events in India and across the globe too. The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) started it in the year 2008 with eight teams; since then, it has become more fascinating, exciting, and entertaining mega event for cricket viewers all around the world. Observing the love and franticness for this mega event, eBay India came up with an initiative to offer a unique opportunity for die-hard cricket fans.They partnered with several branded apparel companies, so that cricket fans all across the world can access INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) merchandise of all eight teams (Kings XI P unjab, Kolkata Knight Riders, Royal Challengers Bangalore, Chennai Super Kings, Delhi Daredevils, Mumbai Indians, Deccan Chargers and Rajasthan Royals) at a click of a button. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) merchandise on offer were T-shirts, jerseys, caps, backpacks, footwear, key chains, collectibles, cheering sticks, wrist bands, and many more. How iStreetacted as a lynchpin to sell INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) merchandises?We, at iStreet, offer a complete eCommerce solution – right from managing inventory to imaging the products to managing product listings to shipping of products to customer service – to take away the complexities associatedwith eBay selling. In other words, we use smart and effective tools to help merchants and businesses to make the optimum use of the eCommerce platform. More importantly, we help merchants and businesses to streamline their work process related to online buying and selling activities through our expertise in eCommerce domain.Above a ll, all these help to bridge the gap of reaching attractive online marketplace like eBay, and to provide total solution to build business at eBay. How we pulled it off? We, at iStreet, realized catering to the wide interests of online shoppers, who are die- hard cricket fans, and meeting the challenge to assist eBay India in its operations was a difficult but exciting task. However being accoutered with the required resources and a vast experience of selling thousands of products online, we successfully managed to assist eBay in selling most INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) merchandises.This was done through product image management, catalogue pricing, listing management, and fulfillment. More importantly, key performance metrics were used in the entire process right from market assessment to implementation to achieve the desired result. Thus with its unique strategy, and smart brand and channel management, we havemade it a habit to accept newer challenges to set new milestones. FAN CLUB FOR INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) [pic] mig33 has tied up with five Indian Premier League (INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)) teams and launched dedicated mobile fan clubs for each of them.The teams are Kings XI Punjab, Chennai Super Kings, Delhi Daredevils, Royal Challengers and Deccan Chargers. With this initiative, mig33 will help teams connect with their fan base in India and abroad through their handsets. The service would enable free; access to chat rooms, instant messaging, profiles, news and photo sharing, updates and gossip are easy to navigate once downloaded. High on cricket fever Besides sponsoring Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR), Sprite has rolled out a new communication initiative for the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL), 2009.As part of brand’s 360- degree plans, Shah Rukh Khan, Bollywood superstar and owner KKR, Saurav Ganguly, captain, KKR, and some other members of the team including Murali Karthik and Ajit Agarkar would feature in the new campaign. The campaign links Sprit e with KKR’s no-nonsense, cut-through, competitive spirit with the tag line, â€Å"Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re†Shopping mania HomeShop18, the country’s first 24-hour home shopping channel from the Network18 Group, has launched a nationwide promotion, Sabki Jeet Pakki, to mark its one-year in business.The anniversary bash will feature a lucky draw where a customer who purchases from the HomeShop18 TV channel during the promotion period will be eligible to win exciting prizes. In addition, there are assured gift certificates worth Rs 500. It needs to be mentioned that within a year of its launch, HomeShop18 has arranged an impressive array of over 20,000 products, and boasts of a footprint in over 2,400 cities with over 25% repeat customers ARTICLE ON INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) YOUNGISTAN [pic] By Divya Gururaj Managing Director, MediaCom â€Å"Sports are a great window on the society†-David Halberstam, Pultizer Prize-winning author/journalistWhich brings us to our biggest sports hoopla in India – INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). On the back of millions of dollars, sinful player bids, unparalleled press coverage, star quotient, imported cheerleaders, was launched the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) spectacle. The television ratings are big, the stadiums are packed to capacity, the team anthems jam radio airwaves & INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is suddenly the biggest thing to hit India. So, does the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) success reflect a changing India, or is it just fantastic marketing? Possibly, a bit of both.The INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) capitalises on & mirrors some emerging consumer trends & therein lies its success. n India Shining: It's now India's moment of glory & that's what our GenX believes & wants. India bidding for the world's best players, Indians captaining global stalwarts – INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is an Indian takeover of cricket. Whatever the outcome of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) final, it will stil l be an India win. Unlike the often stressful moments leading to disappointing outcomes of our national team versus another country, INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is a total win-win for India.The Best The World Has To Offer: Unlike their parents, today's Indians are familiar with the world's best & latest. And they will not settle for less. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is just that. The best players from across the world, the cheerleaders flown in, the best brands offering customised merchandise, stadiums all spruced up, McD burgers & CCD coffee on the stands. Even the spiffy, MI3 looking, walkie-talkie toting, security guards at the stadiums are so different from the portly & bored policewallahs who would earlier herd crowds.Watching an INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) match live is actually a world-class experience (if you just ignore the parking hassles). Metros Going Global: Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata are no longer about the Ghats, the Madrasis & the Bongs. The IT & ITeS boom has made our metros into multicultural, multilanguage, multiethnic, melting pots, with enough Gora presence. The INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) teams reflect just that. Homogeneous yet heterogeneous. Saurabh Tiwari, Manish Pandey & Harbhajan's being on the Mumbai Indians team will be giving sleepless nights to Raj Thackery & his MNS.But that's what our cities are today & that's what we have come to accept. Fast & Furious: Time is at premium & patience a forgotten virtue. For a young India, INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is instant gratification. Three hours of excitement & fast-paced action. Unlike other sports, in T20 there is some scoring every minute of the game. And when there is a break in the game, the cheerleaders ensure that the crowds remain titillated & the adrenaline continues to flow. Pretty much the 2 minute-noodles-with-added-masala formula. Its time has finally come. Page 3 Is The Way To Be: In a country obsessed with Bollywood & cricket,INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has just the right m ix. The star quotient in sports has never been so high. Our Bollywood team owners along with their glitterati friends have widened INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) from sports page to Page 3. There is something in it from everyone – from the crazy cricket addict, to his SRK obsessed girl-friend – INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) covers it all. The glitzy team uniforms (how can we ignore the gold & silver pads), the Hollywood inspired team names & of course, the Washington Redskins have caught a nation's imagination.In fact, cheerleading is all set to debut as the latest career option for the young, swinging Indian. Show Me The Money: Money & opulence rule. Our youngistan is obsessed by big money, bigger salaries, side money at the BPO, quick bucks on the Stock Exchange. To have is great, to have not is a non-option. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is the mother of big money. 160 players have been paid, unheard-of-dreamt-of money. And that is a big draw– we are hooked to guys with big money. Remember Harshvardhan Nawathe, the first KBC winner & how his winning episode doubled the already huge KBC ratings?Desperately Seeking Entertainment: Couch potatoes we no longer are. But so far, apart from the saas-bahu sagas, entertainment was limited to shopping, eating & cinema. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is a great new hangout, evident by the stands packed mostly with young males 15-25 years, SEC AB, having the time of their lives. The festive atmosphere created by the cheerleaders, speakers blaring the team anthems & Bollywood songs, all add to the picnic. But clearly, Indians are starved for some out-of-home entertainment. Media Maketh The Man: Our Indian idols are all created by media.Be it a Khali who emerged out of nowhere, a Prince who fell in a well, or Bhajji-Sree whose slapping is still hogging airtime. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has provided media with all the big bucks, glamour & the sleaze which makes for great PR coverage. And the 25% increased rat ings of the news channels are also reflective of an India which is lapping up sleaze, gossip & tabloid journalism. Ready For Change: At home also, the shenanigans on-field, be it the cheery cheerleaders or the bad Bhajji, are a welcome relief for soap fatigued families, evident by the high TRPs of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) & the falling fortunes of daily soaps.INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) offered a whole new experience & India was ready to give it a try. Of course, since most of India is a single-TV home, it also shows that, finally, the males have got hold of the remote. Changed But Rooted: Comparing INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) & our recent debacles in hockey. Hockey through the years has remained as it was. Cricket has evolved – from tests to ODIs to 20-20s & now to league. Yet, there is heritage, tradition & familiarity. Our great grandparents played cricket & went to watch test matches (all five days of it).INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is not a complete break from the pas t, yet its keeps pace with changing times. Whether the Ambanis or the Mallayas are able to milk this, their latest cow, remains to be seen. But what they & Lalit Modi have created, perhaps truly represents the pulse of a nation. And a summer to remember. Cheer Leaders For INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) [pic] INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) for more publicity got INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) Cheer Leaders †¦ Got great advantage but went thru a lot of difficulty and negative publicity too Article with the worst publicity by Times Of India – May 11, 2011,INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) cheerleader Gabriella Pasqualotto thrown out for blogging on flirtatious players Zee news â€Å"Cheerleaders in INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) like walking porn†WWW. SIFY. COM INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) cheerleader sacked for naming ‘naughty' players http://blogs. wsj. com – Mumbai Indians Cheerleader Sacked for ‘Secret’ Diary KEY FEATURES OF INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) [p ic] The INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) or Indian Premier League is a 20-20 format cricket tournament. This league was formed by the Board of Cricket Control of India (BCCI) and sanctioned by the International Cricket Committee (ICC) INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has been conceived on the lines of the English premier league and NBA, where local teams with a defined fan base play against each other ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has eight teams sold to franchises for perpetuity. These franchises can run the league in their individual styles and can raise resources from the primary market. ? SONY-WSG has bagged broadcasting rights for 10 years for US$918mn, excluding marketing for US$108mn ? The franchise amount collected is US$724mn, with each of the clubs being sold for US$67-112mn, depending on the city. A total of 59 matches were playedBROADCASTING RIGHT [pic] †¢ TELEVISION RIGHTS: The BCCI created history when it sold television rights to Sony–World Sports consortium for US$ 1. 02bn †¢ TITLE SPONSERS: On February 13 2008, Indian real estate developer DLF Universal secured exclusive rights to the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) title sponsorship worth Rs 200 crore (over $50 million) for five years. Indian Premier League Vs. Indian Cricket League VS [pic] Difference between INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL Unlike the Indian Cricket League (ICL), the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is an official sanctioned Twenty20 tournament.Owing to its recognition by the International Cricket Council (ICC), it will enjoy a better status and international reach. Also each team has individual owners. Television Rights On January 14, 2008, it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's Sony Television network and Singapore-based World Sports Group secured the rights of the Indian Premier League. The record deal is for ten years at a cost of US$1. 026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US$918 million for the telecast rights and US$108 million for the promotion of the tournament.The BCCI announced that the bulk of the profit from this deal would initially go to the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) franchises themselves, gradually reducing this amount over the duration of the contract. Network Ten has purchased the rights to show every game live in Australia on free-to-air television for the next five years at a cost of AU$10 – $15 million. Title Sponsorship Rights Indian real estate developer DLF Universal secured exclusive rights to the Indian Premier League title sponsorship worth INR 200 crore (over US$50 million) for five years. FranchisesThe magnitude of the Indian Premier League was confirmed when the winning bidders for the eight franchises were announced on January 24, 2008. While the total base price for auction was US$400 million, the auction fetched US$723. 59 million. The official list of franchise owners announced and the winning bids were as follows. Franchise owner and price paid Bangalore  œ Vijay Mallya/UB group – USD 111. 6 million Chennai Super Kings – India Cements – USD 91 million Delhi DareDevils – GMR group – USD 84 million Hyderabad – Deccan Chronicle – USD 107 millionJaipur – Emerging Media (Manoj Badale, Lachlan Murdoch, Suresh Chellaram and investors) – USD 67 million Kolkata – Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment in partnership with Juhi Chawla and Jay Mehta – USD 75. 09 million Mohali – Preity Zinta, Ness Wadia (Bombay Dyeing), Karan Paul (Apeejay Surendera Group) and Dabur's Mohit Burman – USD 76 million Mumbai – Mumbai Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries Limited – USD 111. 9 million. Entertainment industry is treated as the most prominent and emerging industry in the whole world. It is growing at rate faster than any other industry in the world even in this time of recession.Indian premier league has opened the doors to the next big media move ment. India is one of the fast growing markets in the world and INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL has provided it with another media explosion. The current estimate of Indian entertainment and media industry are at INR 353bn ($8. 2bn). It is estimated to grow at a rate of 19 percent for the next five years. REVIEW INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL are two products that was able to create an impact in the marketing industry by providing services to an industry which was very hungry for products like that.Both this products created a value by offering the best entertainment possible. The definitions provided by Kotler proves right in case of this products. â€Å"Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they want and need through creating, offering and exchange products of value with others†-(Kotler,1991). Marketing is the most important factor for any industry. There are different ways in which different industry uses the mar keting strategy for the effectiveness of their success.Marketing is a very wide concept it starts when we think of product, then we plan, and then create the product and finally we sell the product. It uses different strategies to accrue competitive edge in the market( Porter’s,1997). This strategies are widely used in this report to understand the different kinds of approaches this companies have adopted to target the customers. SWOT and PEST analysis is used in the report to understand the macro forces that are currently active in the industry. Kotler’s and Porter’s analysis is used throughout the report to understand the marketing mix, marketing strategies and macro forces.INDIAN PRIMIER LEAGUE: THE NEXT GENERATION OF CRICKET INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is expected to earn 2 billion dollars to BCCI (Board of cricket control board of India in the next 5 years. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) had bring a revenue of 1200crore rupees in the first year more than doubl e the entire sports budget of India of 490crore rupees. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is considered as recession proof. Because of General elections in India INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) had to move to South Africa as the Government of India was unable to provide security for the event.In 2008 Set Max channel’s (SONY Entertainment) revenue market share has raised from a pre-INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) level of 5. 7% to 28. 8%, says the report. Its share of prime time has gone up to 29%, higher than the cumulative market share of the top nine Hindi general entertainment channels. From next year, Sony is projected to gross about Rs 650crore in advertising revenue for about 45 days of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL), which would be 7% of the entire estimated TV ad revenue of around Rs 9,000crore for the whole year. (http://Indian Premier League (IPL). timesofindia. indiatimes. com/articleshow/msid-3084001,prtpage-1. ms) OPENING DOORS TO THE BIGGEST MEDIA MOVEMENT [pic] ? Indian premier league created a new era of marketing sports in India. In this report I have tried to sort the similarities and difference it has with Indian cricket league. ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is a US2bn property , it is attempt to sell cricket as a reality show ? Like England it has successfully promoted club culture in India for the first time. ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) provides a new entertainment genre which cut across borders. ? It is used as a means to promote some brands (UB group) and some consider it as an investment(e. . India cements). ? First edition of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has earned 1200crore profit that is double the amount Indian government spends for its entire sports budget. ? The market value of the teams has grown more than 300 percent this year. ? It is a concept sell. ? The main sponsor of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is DLF Teams, players and every small aspect related to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has become an INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) product INDIA N CRICKET LEAGUE (ICL)- THE UNDER DOG [pic] ICL or India cricket league is a parallel private cricket league runs with INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL).It has got both versions of cricket that is 50 over and 20 over format of the game even though more emphasis is given to the 20-20 format. When started INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) consisted of 6 teams then by 2008 it has been increased to 8 and then in the second half of the year by 9. Board of cricket control of India considers ICL as unauthorised league and it has barred ICL players from taking part in any tournament hosted by ICC or BCCI. Indian cricket league still has its share of audience. It has got international players from almost all the cricket playing nations.It is headed by one of the legends of Indian cricket Mr. Kapildev, former captain of world cup winning team of India. ICL has got players like Brain Lara, who is considered as one among the top 3 players the world has ever produced. ? ICL is launched by Subhash Chandra in May 2007. ICL is a unique concept in cricket after Zee was not able to secure rights of the World Cup 2011. ? Subhash Chandra owns ICL unlike the eight teams in INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) owned by different franchises. ? ICL has more than 200 players with 9 teams in total. ? ICL investment is more than 1billion dollars in total. ICL has three event televised in a year compared to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) which only have one. ? ICL has faced problems in finding grounds. ? It has generated revenue of 750 million in the first 3 years. BROADCASTING RIGHT First season of ICL was played in only one venue. The second season was more successful as ICL was able to secure three venues for 24 matches. ICL was able to telecast matches on Zee Sports and Ten Sports. Other telecasters include Geo Super in Pakistan, Astro & Telkom Malaysia, Starhub in Singapore, Showtime Arabia in Middle-East, Zee Sports in USA & Canada and Zee Cinema in United Kingdom & Europe.Global rights have been sold for US$10mn. TITLE SPONSERS: Edelweiss was the title sponsor with Rs150mn (for ten years) OTHER SPONSERS: JVC, Aircel, Vodafone and Intel were associate sponsors MARKETING MIX INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) 1. The production of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) as a service product is exemplified by the mere volume of the production of revenue from every aspect of the game. 2. Teams, players and every small aspect related to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) has become an INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) product. 3.Factors like material management for stadiums, players, Facilities arrangement for players, spectators, Guests, etc transportation management and allied activities require a proper management and BCCI has made all possible efforts to provide with the best facilities to everyone from spectators to players and third parties involved 4. One of the leading products in the segment. ICL Both INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL are having similar product. What ICL has is that, apart from the 20-20 mat ch up, ICL has also planned to introduce 50 over match by 2010. Other than that both INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL have similar products.INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) 1. The venue chosen for the cricket matches was a strategic choice of places which are named after franchisees, which helped attract people. ICL 1. In first phase ICL they only had one stadium. Now it has 3 stadiums in India, to an extend it was a barrier in attracting crowd from various places. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) 1. Follows a policy of price leadership strategy. 2. It also uses premium pricing strategy. 3. Gate revenues in INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) are largely dependent on stadium capacity and purchasing power of city. They are expected to vary between Rs200-Rs5, 000 premium seating. 0% of tickets will go to INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). Internationally, most of these teams own stadiums ICL 1. Penetration pricing 1. Uses all medium of advertisement it includes TV, newspaper, internet, billboards etc. 2. It follows the princIndian Premier League (IPL)e of controversy marketing. Marketing controversy either way, the end result is unparalleled coverage; residual awareness of your product, which later most definitely translates into brand recall, and even sales. 3. Live concerts. 4. Uses film stars like Sharuk khan, Akhsay Kumar etc for promotion. 5. Grant opening ceremony. 6. Worldwide telecast. MARKETING ENVIRONMENTThere are several actors and forces present in the industry that determine the fate of the product, INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL is no exception to this. We can classify those macro forces mainly into 6 groups 1. Demographic environment 2. Physical environment 3. Economic environment 4. Technological environment 5. Socio-cultural environment 6. Political and legal environment (Marketing management 12th edition(12e) by kotler and keller page numer-27) I have used two variables in SWOT analysis to understand the macro environment that is OPPUTUNITIES and TREATS and to understand the micro environment STREGTH and WEAKNESS is used.SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTH ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is based on the 20-20 format of cricket which would be completed within 3 hours. It is fast-paced and exciting, and more over it can be played in weekend or weekend afternoons. That makes it appealing like American football, basketball and soccer. It will appeal both to TV audience and as a spectator sport. ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) structure is such that all the aspects works in great balance to maximise the profit. ? India is cricket crazy nation so it is easy to promote the products like INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL. WEAKNESS 20-20 has become so popular that it can damage the other forms of cricket that is 50 over game and test cricket. ? There is always a distance from fans as it is difficult for everyone to get into the ground to see the matches. ? It is very difficult for sports and business to go together, business needs quick results but in a team sp ort it might time gel a group together. If management and team are two levels it creates problems for the players. OPPURTUNITIES ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is very attractive as a marketing communication opportunity since it has a large potential mass audience, especially for advertisers and sponsors. If the franchisees are able to generate a large fan base then it will be able to generate a large TV revenue ? Fan are of different types so there will be more corporate hospitality, season tickets, away tickets, TV pay-per-view and other ways to segment the markets for INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) ? Opportunity for merchandising is very huge e. g. sales of shirts, credit cards and other fan memorabilia. Grounds can also sell refreshments and other services during the game. ? This version helps to gain more youngsters to game and this will create a long term fan base for the frachesies.Their parents and older cricket fans may still prefer older forms of cricket. Youth market will als o force the other to buy the product as status symbol. ? India has traditionally high inflation rate but the franchise has to pay only a fixed rate still 2017-18 means the investment is safe. THREATS ? Revenue will be more for highly supported team not for the highly priced team. ? Franchises are highly expensive. The most expensive team was brought by mukesh ambani for $111. 9million and the lowest Rajasthan royal for $67million. If the fan basis does not generate enough income then it will be difficult to pay the salaries for the players. ? If the best invested players don’t play well then you may not see the return on investment. ? The return on investment will have to for the long term as we cannot expect fast returns from all quarters quickly. ? It is the responsibility of the board of cricket control board of India to keep the level of competition with the other boards. It is the responsibility of the board to attract the top names of cricket to India. To understand mac ro forces in detail PEST analysis is used. PEST ANALSISPOLITICAL FACTORS ? Government of India was unable to provide security for the 20-20 tournament so it had to move to South Africa with immediate effect. ? Terrorism and political instability still remains a problem in India. ECONOMIC FACTORS ? Indian economy is facing deflation (. 12) so the investment in short term is not a safer option. ? Recession in world economy is another major issue so the purchasing power of the customer is considerably week ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)’s second edition had to move to South Africa it will cause a minimum loss of 250 crore rupees for the government of India in the form of taxes. As the stadiums in South Africa are comparatively smaller than India, it will cause the franchisees to loss another 50 crore rupees. ? Still Indian economy is growing at a faster rate than any other country except China and cricket is the life blood of almost every Indian. ? INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is expected to bring BCCI 4500 crores in the next 10years. SOCIAL FACTORS ? India is a cricket crazy nation so the promotion of cricket is not at all an issue for the franchisees. ? 20-20 cricket is able to attract the young population of India. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Cable television is still not available to large population of India. LIKELY EFFECTS ON THE INDUSTRY IN NEXT 12 MONTHS India is expected to grow at rate of 7 percent. Cricket has got a large fan base in India and it the only one industry in India expected outperform the effects of recession. Recent biding for player is an example for this effect. If the government of India can provide enough security then cricket will bring enough money for the economy. At the beginning of 2010 INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) will have 4 more teams that mean more money in the economy and growth in the sector is bound to increase.All the INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) franchisees will earn profit from this year as already 3 teams were able to gene rate profit in the first year itself. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) from this year onwards will have a new market also in the form of South Africa. This will increase the viewership and it will also make International cricket council to find specific time slot for INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL). TV revenues is expected to grow as INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) governing body has decided to have another brake of 5 minutes in between . RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Extensive research was carried out for the successful completion of this project.Both primary and secondary data were collected from various Sources. PRIMARY DATA: The main data was collected from the zonal office of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) situated in Mumbai. An email which contains the typical details and strategies was received as feedback. The Marketing wing of both INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) & ICL was contacted for preparing this assignment. Due to expense factor, communication was mostly done via email. The marketing department g ave relevant information about the data. SECONDARY DATA: The secondary data in this study is collected from various magazines, Newspapers and Websites.Analysis and others parts are done on the basis of these secondary data and knowledge collected from the marketing lectures. LIMITATIONS My study is based on Primary data collected was only through phone and e-mail. The data from the primary source was very limited and it does not give the real picture of the Indian Entertainment Industry. The transparency of the data that is available is not entirely trustworthy. The net worth worth of the entertainment industry and the actual worth is not always the same. The time scale for studying the entire assignment was short. Such a vast case cannot be studied in a short span.There was also geographical constrains in collecting the data. Another important limitation was the communication gap. The only ways possible which could be effectively utilised were the telephone and e-mails. But these t ook lot of time as this entertainment industry is so scheduled. DISCUSSION INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) Commissioner Lalit Modi is confident that recession will have no impact on the tournament. He told CNN-IBN on 5th February that â€Å"the glitzy Twenty20 league is virtually recession proof†Lot of experts also believe that INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) is one industry that will do well even in this time of recession.This research tries to bring out the after-effects’ of such a system and its influence in various segments of people. My own analysis also prove that the above statement is true because the valuation of one of the teams of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) that is Rajasthan Royals has gone upto 3733 percent appreciation in its share value. This fact shows that there is a growing interest in this product. (http://Indian Premier League (IPL)cricket4u. com/2009/02/05/long-term-contracts-make-Indian Premier League (IPL)-recession-proof-modi) One of the hot debate abo ut the form of cricket is that 20-20 format kills Test cricket .As per Rahul Dravid one of the most successful Indian cricketer â€Å"T20 is unique and lot of young Indian players are excelling in this format. Whether they can take this confidence to the next level is debatable. It’s not going to be easy and the skills with which you achieve success in T20 may not help you give you success in Ranji and Tests†But the continuous success of Indian cricket in all forms of cricket in the last 2 years proves that this analysis of Rahul proved to be wrong. The confidence these youngsters have gained from 20-20 proved to useful in the other forms of cricket also. http://www. Indian Premier League (IPL)cricketlive. om/Indian Premier League (IPL)/indian-premier-league-quotes CONCLUTION INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)’s ability to sustain and grow its popularity in the long-term depends on the ability of individual franchises to break out and become large media properties on their own. Franchisees may also have to increase their marketing and promotional spends to effectively monetise their fan base and build brands out of their respective teams. Apart from finding more team sponsors, franchisees may try to increase the mix of premium seating in their home stadiums. At the moment a bit might be too different if we look INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) and ICL.In the recent format advantage can be taken by organising  matches between  this two winners that is more matches can be played between the two leagues. In the coming year more innovation is expected we might be able to see 10-10 or a 5-5 over format of cricket. Recession VS INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) Modi said INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) will not be hit by INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) but unfortunately it did – by article on http://cricketnext. in. com/news/recession-wont-hit-Indian Premier League (IPL)-auction-modi/37855-14. html And http://www. Indian Premier League (IPL)ticket. om/2009/01/Indian Premier League (IPL)-season-2-recession-hits-Indian Premier League (IPL). html CRICKETNEXT – With big names such as Pietersen and Flintoff, the second INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) auction in Goa next week will be eagerly watched. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) chairman Lalit Modi tells CNN-IBN that he expects the auction to generate quite a buzz despite the economic recession INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)TICKET – The year 2007-08 saw sackings like never before in the world of cricket. From coachesto CEOs and officials of all kinds, almost everybody was shown the door for reasons notpertaining to performance alone.The year 2008-09 promises to be a little different. The year 2008-09 promises to be a little different. This year, it won't just be coachesand officials getting the pink slips; even cricketers will get them. At least three franchisees of the Indian Premier League (INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)) have already taken thenecessary steps to downsize their teams. The marching orders are likely to be served at the junior level. While Mumbai Indians plan to bring down their 27-member contingent to 18, teams like Deccan Chargers and Delhi Daredevils are planning similar moves. . So what has triggered the move? Recession?Not really if the franchisees are to be believed. Simply put they have grown wiser in the second year. â€Å"Last year, we were very new to the concept and it all happened so fast. But this year onwards, expect most of the teams to work on a target-based princIndian Premier League (IPL)e. They know exactly what they're going to be eyeing for or in terms of cricket, what their team composition is going to be during the two-month period,†says a franchise official. Chargers have given Adam Gilchrist and Darren Lehmann, captain and coach respectively, the entire responsibility of manning team requirements.Of co urse, as one Chargers official suggests, this has come with a rider to get rid of all extra costs. â€Å"In general, most franchisees now have a better idea of a core group functioning. Similarly, the captain, coach and senior players have a good understanding of the kind of team required. We're going to stick to that,†he says. Other than the under-19 players (two per franchise), bought on a three-year contract during the 2008 auctions after India won the World Cup in Malaysia, most of the fringe players, picked from the domestic circuit, will in all likelihood be dumped.Mumbai Indians are tight-lipped for now, waiting for Sachin Tendulkar to give his nod, before the axe is wielded. â€Å"It's going to be a common affair with the economic scenario so depressing. It won't be the case with Mumbai alone,†says an official involved closely with the Mumbai cricket. EXCESS BAGGAGE At least three INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) franchisees have already taken th e necessary steps to downsize their teams. The marching orders are likely to be served at the junior level, most of them being fringe players. Mumbai Indians plan to bring down 27-member contingent to 18; waiting for Tendulkar's nod.Teams like Deccan Chargers and Delhi Daredevils are planning similar moves. The reason? Teams want to work on target-based princIndian Premier League (IPL)e. INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL) A GAME OR BUSINESS TV,Internet,Newspapers Everymedium is flooding with DLF INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL),a privateevent; that above all,explains the successof Indian Premier League. For a privateevent ,entire media is fighting to give freeof cost coverage! Strange ,but Interesting! So what marketing and branding strategyhas worked in favour of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL)?Charm Of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE (IPL): †¢ Mega Event †¢ To keep it focused in 20 overs †¢ It structured teams around states †¢ By following a well tried internatio nalmodel of clubs and player auctions †¢ Media hype †¢ Board of Cricket Control in India †¢ Shah Rukh Khan, Preity Zinta and ShilpaShetty Cost of teams: †¢ Rajasthan Royal $67mn †¢ Kolkata Knight Riders $75. 09mn †¢ Delhi Daredevils $84mn †¢ Kings XI Punjab $76mn †¢ Royals Challengers Bangalore $111. 6mn †¢ Hyderabad Deccan Charges $107 †¢ Chennai Superkings $91mn †¢ Mumbai Indians $111. 9mn Sahara Pune Warriors $370mn †¢ 10 Kochi $333. 33mn Valuation 1. Rajasthan Royal $45. 2mn 2. Kolkata Knight Riders $46mn 3. Delhi Daredevils $40. 5mn 4. Kings XI Punjab $36. 1mn 5. Royals Challengers Bangalore $41. 9mn 6. Hyderabad Deccan Charges $34. 4 7. Chennai Super kings $48. 8mn 8. Mumbai Indians $40. 8mn Team composition rules are: Sponsorship: A deal with beer and airline conglomerate Kingfisher at $26. 5-million [pic] So where is the money coming from†¦ Media Right |Central revenue |Money raised by franchise |Franchise Bid Money | |$1billion for 10yrs |Title sponsorship of event |Selling advertisement for stadia |Cost of teams | |Sony |Licensed merchandise |Licensing products | | | | |Merchandise sale | | | | |Advertising on ticket | | | | |Gate money | | Money Sources |BCCI |Franchise |Players | |Media Right |20% |72% |8% | |Central Revenue |40%
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